While the 20th century has been characterised by the generalisation of democratisation processes, the 21st century seems to have started with the reverse trend. An authoritarian-populist nexus is threatening liberal democracy on a global scale, including in its American and European heartlands. Charismatic leaders – thriving on electoral majorities and popular referenda – methodically undermine the rule of law and constitutional safeguards in order to consolidate their own power basis. Coupling inflammatory rhetoric with modern communication technologies, they short-circuit traditional elites and refuse to abide by international norms. Agitating contemporary scourges such as insecurity, loss of identity, mass migration and corrupt elites, they put in place new laws and mechanisms to harness civil society and political opponents. In order to better understand the novelty, permanence and global reach of “illiberal democracy”, this second issue of Global Challenges proposes seven case studies (Russia, Hungary, Turkey, the Middle East, Uganda, Venezuela and the United States) complemented by a series of expert interviews, maps and infographics.
© Chappatte, Der Spiegel www.chappatte.com
A pandemic is not just a medical emergency – it is also a political, economic, and social crisis. It implies new challenges for democratic institutions and practices, for citizenship rights and human rights as some of the restrictions on civil liberties put in place by liberal and illiberal democracies may well outlive the coronavirus. This special issue explores some tensions and dilemmas of democracies faced with the current crisis. “Politics of the Coronavirus Pandemics” addresses questions like: Can we speak of a decline in politics during the pandemic? While states have been using the full gamut of their sovereign prerogatives, has the political (temporarily) faded in the face of, for example, “expertise”? What will be the lasting impact of the rule by administrative fiat, and of emergency powers put in place in many countries? What kinds of agenda and instruments of civic activism are likely to emerge given that courts are rarely in session and public protest not permitted due to distancing rules? What are the likely consequences of these reconfigurations for democracy, governance, and welfare systems in the global South and North?
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I
Covid-19: A Modern Apocalypse or a Temporary Shock to the System?
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1
The Vaccine Race: Will Public Health Prevail over Geopolitics?
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2
Institutions under Stress: Covid-19, Anti-Internationalism and the Futures of Global Governance
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3
Covid-19 and Even More Unconventional Economic Policies
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4
Covid-19 and States of Emergency
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5
Pandemic as Revelation: What Does It Tell Us about People on the Move?
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6
Pandemic and Political Geographies
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7
The Western Flu: The Coronavirus Pandemic as a Eurocentric Crisis
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8
A Gendered Perspective on the Pandemic
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9
A National-Liberal Virus
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10
Depoliticising through Expertise: The Politics of Modelling in the Governance of Covid-19
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11
The Politics of Covid Apps
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12
Human Rights and Covid-19
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13
Emergency Use of Public Funds: Implications for Democratic Governance
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14
Unequal Impacts of Covid-19: Political and Social Consequences
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15
Covid, Hysteresis, and the Future of Work
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16
Populism 4.0 and Decent Digiwork
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