Urban Morphology & Violence | Figure for Article 6

Making Peace with Urban Political Settlements

Table 1: Urban Peace Agreements in Syria, 2011-2022

Hazano, Idlib (7/1/19)

Agreement between Tahrir al-Sham and the elders of the village of Hazano

Signatories: Local civilian actors and HTS
Agreement type: Partial substantial framework
Fatalities 1: 32
Fatalities 2: No data has been found

Sarmin, Idlib (29/6/18)

Agreement between Tahrir al-Sham and Sarmin Shura Council on the raid on the outskirts in the city

Signatories: Local civilian actors and HTS
Agreement type: Ceasefire
Fatalities 1: NA
Fatalities 2: NA

Saraqib, Idlib (27.02.18)

Saraqib Agreement

Signatories: Local civilian actors and HTS
Agreement type: Ceasefire
Fatalities 1: 5
Fatalities 2: 35

Kafr Dariyan (Kfar Darian), Idlib (27.02.18)

Agreement between the Local and Shura Coucils and Jabat Tahrir al-Suriyyah, Tahrir al-Sham and Faylaq al-Sham regarding the village of Kfar Darian, Idlib

Signatories: Local civilian actors, HTS, Failaq al-Sham, and Jabhat Tahrir Suria
Agreement type: Ceasefire
Fatalities 1: NA
Fatalities 2: NA

Khan Sheikhoun, Idlib (27.02.18)

Statement issued by the Sheikhoun Shura Council on the handover of Sheikhoun city

Signatories: Local civilian actor
Agreement type: Ceasefire
Fatalities 1: 7
Fatalities 2: 14

Tal Touqan, Idlib (14.07.17)

Agreement between Ahrar al-Sham, Desert Sector (AAS), and Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, Northern Desert Sector (HTS), on Tel Touqan.

Signatories: Local civilian actors, HTS and AS
Agreement type: Pre-negotiation process
Fatalities 1: No data has been found
Fatalities 2: 11

al-Bab, Aleppo (16.06.17)

al-Bab Security Agreement

Signatories: Local military and civilian actors, Sham Front, Al-Sultan Murat, Sham Legion, Ahrar al-Sharqiyyah, Al-Muntasir Bi-llah, Firqa al-Hamza, Al-Firqa al-Shumaliyyah, Suqur al-Shimal, Brigade 51, Northern Brigade, Al-Sultan Muhammad Fatih, AS
Agreement type: Ceasefire
Fatalities 1: 272
Fatalities 2: 73

Marat al-Numan, Idlib (09.06.17)

Agreement between Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) and Free Idlib Army

Signatories: HTS and Free Idlib Army
Agreement type: Ceasefire
Fatalities 1: No data has been found
Fatalities 2: 0

Sarmin, Idlib (10.10.16)

Agreement between Ahrar al-Sham (AAS) and Jabhat Fatah al-Sham (JFS) signed by al-Jawlani and al-Hamawi

Signatories: AS and JFS
Agreement type: Ceasefire
Fatalities 1: No data has been found
Fatalities 2: 37

Kansafra, Idlib (08.10.16)

Cessation of Hostilities between Jund al-Aqsa and Ahrar al-Sham (AAS) in Kansafra

Signatories: Jund al-Aqsa, AS, The Mountain Hawks Brigade, JFS
Agreement type: Ceasefire
Fatalities 1: No data has been found
Fatalities 2: 0

Kansafra, Idlib (08.10.16)

Statement by Jabhat Fatah al-Sham on Ceasefire in Kansafra

Signatories: Local civilian actor, JFS and Dawah Council
Agreement type: Ceasefire
Fatalities 1: No data has been found
Fatalities 2: 0

Oram, Idlib (21.07.16)

Minutes of Agreement (between Ahrar al-Sham (AAS) and Jaysh al-Fatah, Idlib)

Signatories: Harakat Ahrar al-Sham al-Islamiyya and Jund al-Aqsa
Agreement type: Pre-negotiation process
Fatalities 1: NA
Fatalities 2: NA

NA, NA, (22.05.16)

Agreement between Ahrar al-Sham (AAS) and Farqa 13

Signatories: Jabhat al-Nusra and Al-Farqa 13
Agreement type: Ceasefire
Fatalities 1: NA
Fatalities 2:NA

Qamsihlo [Qamishli], Al-Hasakah (22.04.16)

Qamishlo Agreement

Signatories: Rojava administration and the Syrian government
Agreement type: Ceasefire
Fatalities 1: No data has been found
Fatalities 2: 13

Mara al-Hurma, Idlib (11.10.14)

Untitled Agreement [between al-Nusra Front and Free Syrian Army, Mara al-Hurma, Idlib]

Signatories: Jabhat Al Nusrah and the Free Syrian Army
Agreement type: Partial substantial framework
Fatalities 1: NA
Fatalities 2: NA

NA, NA (19.09.13)

Untitled Agreement [between Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant and Northern Storm Brigade]

Signatories: Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant and Northern Storm Front
Agreement type: Ceasefire
Fatalities 1: NA
Fatalities 2: NA

Ras al‐Ain, Al-Hasakah (18.02.13)

Field Agreement between the Free Syrian Army (FSA) and People’s Defence Units (YPG) in the city of Ras al-Ain (Serê Kaniyê)

Signatories: The Free Syrian Army (FSA) and People’s Defence Units (YPG)
Agreement type: Substantive comprehensive framework
Fatalities 1: No data has been found
Fatalities 2: No data has been found

Source: Bell et al., 2020; Raleigh et al., 2010

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Making Peace with Urban Political Settlements

Table 1: Urban Peace Agreements in Syria, 2011-2022

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